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87 lines
3.4 KiB
Plaintext
87 lines
3.4 KiB
Plaintext
---
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title: Empty state
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summary: An empty state is the placeholder shown when there is no content yet, on first use, after a search with no results or on an error screen.
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description: Empty states for first use, no results and error screens, with an image, text and an action.
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related: [/ui/components/placeholder]
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source: core/scss/ui/_empty.scss
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css-vars: empty
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classnames:
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component:
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- class: empty
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desc: Container element
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part:
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- class: empty-header
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desc: Large muted text above the title, usually an error code
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- class: empty-img
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desc: Illustration slot
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- class: empty-icon
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desc: Icon slot, an alternative to the illustration
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- class: empty-title
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desc: Heading that says what is missing
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- class: empty-subtitle
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desc: Explanation under the title
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- class: empty-action
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desc: Row holding the call to action
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style:
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- class: empty-bordered
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desc: Adds a dashed border around the whole block
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---
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import Example from '@components/Example.astro';
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import Illustration from '@ui/Illustration.astro';
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import Icon from '@ui/Icon.astro'
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## Default markup
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An empty state should say what happened and what to do next. The default markup has an icon, a title, a short text and an action button.
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<Example>
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<div class="empty">
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<div class="empty-icon"><Icon name="mood-sad" /></div>
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<p class="empty-title">No results found</p>
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<p class="empty-subtitle text-secondary">Try adjusting your search or filter to find what you're looking for.</p>
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<div class="empty-action">
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<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary"> <Icon name="search" /> Search again </a>
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</div>
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</div>
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</Example>
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## Empty state with illustration
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Replace the icon with an illustration when the empty state fills a whole page and there's room for a larger picture.
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The illustrations in the examples come from [Tabler Illustrations](https://tabler.io/illustrations).
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<Example>
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<div class="empty">
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<div class="empty-img"><Illustration image="boy-with-key" alt="Empty state illustration" /></div>
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<p class="empty-title">Invoices are managed from here</p>
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<p class="empty-subtitle text-secondary">Try adjusting your search or filter to find what you're looking for.</p>
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<div class="empty-action">
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<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary"> <Icon name="plus" /> New invoice </a>
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</div>
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</div>
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</Example>
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## Empty state with header
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You can also leave out the icon or illustration and show only the text:
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<Example>
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<div class="empty">
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<div class="empty-header">404</div>
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<p class="empty-title">Oops… You just found an error page</p>
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<p class="empty-subtitle text-secondary">Try adjusting your search or filter to find what you're looking for.</p>
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<div class="empty-action">
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<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary"> <Icon name="arrow-left" /> Take me home </a>
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</div>
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</div>
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</Example>
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## Accessibility
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- The empty state title is the first thing users read, so make it a real heading at the right level for the page, not a styled `div`.
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- Say what happened and what to do next. "No results" alone leaves users stuck; "No results for `tabler`. Try a shorter search." does not.
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- The illustration is decoration. Give it `alt=""`, or `aria-hidden="true"` when it is an inline SVG.
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- The action in `empty-action` should be a real `button` or link, so it can be reached with the keyboard.
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- When the empty state replaces content after a search, announce it from a live region - otherwise a screen reader user gets no signal that the list changed.
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