John Crispin 712ff7ca89 build: create reproducible CycloneDX SBOMs
Both SBOM generators produce a different file on every run, so the
published .bom.cdx.json of an image and of a package feed never match a
rebuild.

dump_cyclonedxsbom_json() in scripts/package-metadata.pl has three
causes. It draws the serial number from rand(), it takes the timestamp
from the wall clock, and encode_json() follows the Perl hash order, which
changes with the hash seed of each run. The last one alone reorders every
key in the file.

scripts/make-sbom.py has the first two causes, through uuid.uuid4() and
datetime.utcnow().

Take the timestamp from SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH, which the build exports. Derive
the serial number from the timestamp and the component list, so it stays a
valid RFC 4122 identifier and still changes when the content changes. Sort
the keys of the Perl output.

Tested with the package index and the image manifest of an ipq40xx build.
Two runs with the same SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH are now identical, two runs with
different values differ, and the scripts exit with an error when the value
is not a number. Both files differ between two runs without the change.

Signed-off-by: John Crispin <john@phrozen.org>
2026-09-22 18:46:30 +02:00
2026-09-22 18:46:30 +02:00
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OpenWrt Project is a Linux operating system targeting embedded devices. Instead of trying to create a single, static firmware, OpenWrt provides a fully writable filesystem with package management. This frees you from the application selection and configuration provided by the vendor and allows you to customize the device through the use of packages to suit any application. For developers, OpenWrt is the framework to build an application without having to build a complete firmware around it; for users this means the ability for full customization, to use the device in ways never envisioned.

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Built firmware images are available for many architectures and come with a package selection to be used as WiFi home router. To quickly find a factory image usable to migrate from a vendor stock firmware to OpenWrt, try the Firmware Selector.

If your device is supported, please follow the Info link to see install instructions or consult the support resources listed below.

An advanced user may require additional or specific package. (Toolchain, SDK, ...) For everything else than simple firmware download, try the wiki download page:

Development

To build your own firmware you need a GNU/Linux, BSD or macOS system (case sensitive filesystem required). Cygwin is unsupported because of the lack of a case sensitive file system.

Requirements

You need the following tools to compile OpenWrt, the package names vary between distributions. A complete list with distribution specific packages is found in the Build System Setup documentation.

binutils bzip2 diff find flex gawk gcc-6+ getopt grep install libc-dev libz-dev
make4.1+ perl python3.8+ rsync subversion unzip which

Quickstart

  1. Run ./scripts/feeds update -a to obtain all the latest package definitions defined in feeds.conf / feeds.conf.default

  2. Run ./scripts/feeds install -a to install symlinks for all obtained packages into package/feeds/

  3. Run make menuconfig to select your preferred configuration for the toolchain, target system & firmware packages.

  4. Run make to build your firmware. This will download all sources, build the cross-compile toolchain and then cross-compile the GNU/Linux kernel & all chosen applications for your target system.

The main repository uses multiple sub-repositories to manage packages of different categories. All packages are installed via the OpenWrt package manager called opkg. If you're looking to develop the web interface or port packages to OpenWrt, please find the fitting repository below.

  • LuCI Web Interface: Modern and modular interface to control the device via a web browser.

  • OpenWrt Packages: Community repository of ported packages.

  • OpenWrt Routing: Packages specifically focused on (mesh) routing.

  • OpenWrt Video: Packages specifically focused on display servers and clients (Xorg and Wayland).

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For a list of supported devices see the OpenWrt Hardware Database

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